PLC五层电梯控制系统的总体设计方案

摘  要
电梯是机械电器紧密结合的大型机电产品．主要由机房、井道、轿厢、门系统和电气控制系统组成。伴随建筑业的发展，为建筑内提供上下交通运输的电梯工业也在日新月异地发展着。电梯已不仅是一种生产环节中的重要设备，更是一种工作和生活中的必需设备，完全可以预想到，随着社会的发展，电梯产品在人们物质文化生活中的地位将和汽车一样，成为重要的运输设备之一。
本次设计主要将可编程序控制器（PLC）和计算机应用到电梯的控制系统中去，以五层电梯为例来完成单台电梯PLC控制系统的总体设计方案、组成及模块化程序设计。通过三菱FX2N与计算机通信来实现对电梯系统运行的控制。选用三菱FX2N可编程控制器，利用220V交流电源供压。在进行PLC的I/O接口分配、组合排列和代号后，确定机内各种软继电器、数据区、通道代号，常用指令的编制规则和代号等。选用交流双速电机实现电梯拖动，采用楼层传感器实现楼层间翻转；显示驱动电路采用LED发光二极管构成显示屏的屏体。重点研究PLC的安全控制电路、楼层控制电路，开关门电路的设计，以及启动开关门程序、上行下行程序、楼层控制程序、自动定向程序的编写。
PLC电梯控制系统只需要稍加改进即可应用于更高性能要求的电梯中。这一切都表明该系列PLC不仅可以满足电梯对高可靠性的实际需求，而且在控制水平和性能完全可以替代进口的同类产品，并将突破电梯领域应用到更为广泛的行业，未来前景将更为广阔。

关键词：PLC；电梯；逻辑控制；程序设计

 
Abstract
The elevator is the mechanical electric appliance close union large-scale mechanical and electrical products. Mainly of engine room, well road, sedan theater box, gate system and electric control system composition. Follows the architecture industry the development, provides the high and low transportation for the construction in the elevator industry also innovatingly to develop. The elevator already was not only in one kind of production link's important equipment, was in one kind of work and the life essential equipment, definitely might expect that along with society's development, the elevator product's will be the same in people material culture life status with the automobile, becomes one of important transport vehicles.
 This design mainly (PLC) and the computer applies the programmable controller in elevator's control system, as regularly completes the single Taiwan elevator PLC control system's overall project design, the composition and the modularized program design take five elevators. Realizes through Mitsubishi FX2N and the computer correspondence to the elevator systems operation control. Selects the Mitsubishi FX2N programmable controller, After carrying on PLC the I/O connection assignment, the combination arrangement and the code channel code number, commonly used instruction establishment rule and code number and so on. Selects the exchange two speed electrical machinery to realize the elevator dragging, uses the floor sensor to realize between the floor to turn over; The demonstration driving circuit uses the LED light emitter diode to constitute display monitor's screen body. Key studies PLC the safety control electric circuit, the floor control circuit, the switch gate design, as well as starting switch gate procedure, upward downward procedure, floor control procedure, automatic orientation procedure compilation.
 The PLC lift control system only needs to improve slightly then applies in the high performance request elevator. All these indicated that this series PLC not only may satisfy the elevator to the redundant reliable physical demand, moreover definitely may substitute the import in the control level and the performance the similar products, and will break through the elevator domain to apply a more widespread profession, in the future the prospect will be broader.
Key words：PLC; Elevator; Logical control; Programming 


 












目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1电梯的概述 1
1.1.1电梯的发展简史 1
1.1.2电梯的运行工作情况 1
1．2电梯控制系统的组成 3
第2章三菱FX2N系列可编程序控制器介绍 4
2.1可编程控制器的基础认识 4
2.2可编程序控制器的工作方式及编程语言 6
2.3可编程序控制器与继电器、微机在电梯控制中的应用比较 8
第3章总体方案论证 10
3.1方案论证及原理 10
3.2PLC五层电梯模型 10
3.3PLC单台电梯控制系统功能介绍 13
3.3.1PLC电梯控制系统三种工作方式介绍 13
3.3.2PLC单台电梯控制系统的工作流程 13
第4章硬件设计 15
4.1PLCI/O地址分配 15
4.2PLCI/O硬件连接 19
(优秀毕业设计:www.2bysj.cn)
4.3主回路接线图 21
4.4安全回路、门锁回路、制动回路电路图 21
第5章 软件设计 23
5.1召唤信号响应及清除功能 23
5.2自动定向功能 25
5.3停站控制功能 26
5.4厅外开门功能 28
第6章结论 34
参考文献 35
致谢 36
附录Ⅰ 37
附录Ⅱ 38